Lzh Sarv Bu Vb Sk 88Standing
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ṭhita
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Ṭhita Sutta (The Sutta on Standing Firm)
Background
The Ṭhita Sutta (Standing Firm) belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. The Vinaya Piṭaka was compiled to guide the community of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs in accordance with the Teaching. Unlike the Sutta Piṭaka, which focuses on teachings concerning the nature of phenomena, the Vinaya Piṭaka is the collection of rules for training the sense faculties and managing the Sangha.
This sutta is recorded in the disciplinary sections concerning the Sangha, such as saṅghādisesa or rules related to standing, posture, and the conduct of those who have gone forth in daily life. The historical background of the sutta is the period when the Buddha was still alive and his disciples needed to be taught specific rules in order to maintain diligence and collectedness in practice.
Main Content
The Ṭhita Sutta turns around the idea of "standing firm" (ṭhitatta), that is, the ability to maintain stability, without wavering in mindfulness and action. In the context of the Vinaya Piṭaka, this relates to bhikkhus keeping steady posture, keeping firm to their vows according to the precepts, and maintaining purity in every action.
Standing firm does not only have a physical meaning, but also indicates a state of mind that does not waver. One who has gone forth should stand firm in morality (sīla), stand firm in alertness (ātāpa), and stand firm in dedication to the rules of the Sangha. The sutta teaches that from small details such as standing posture to decisions about action, everything needs to be performed with complete attention and with the mind directed toward liberation.
The specific content of this sutta has not been fully translated; however, according to the general spirit of the Vinaya Piṭaka, rules concerning "standing firm" usually relate to maintaining discipline in specific situations: how to stand before senior monks, how to behave in religious gatherings (saṅgha), and how to restrain the senses in order to avoid violating the precepts.
Practical Meaning
The meaning of the Ṭhita Sutta for modern practitioners is extremely profound.
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