Lzh Sarv Bu Vb Pc 60Bathing
Pāli / Sanskrit:Nahāna
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Discourse on Bathing (Nahāna Sutta)
Background
The Discourse on Bathing is an important part of the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda tradition, specifically found in the Pācittiya chapter of the Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga. This discourse was recorded on occasions when the Buddha and his disciples practiced in various places and faced practical issues related to hygiene and bathing in the monastic environment.
In the context of early Buddhism, the regulations on bathing are not merely a matter of basic hygiene, but are directly connected with the cultivation of monastics. The Buddha established detailed rules to balance the need for bodily cleanliness and mental health with the principle of not indulging in pleasure. This discourse reflects the practical challenges encountered by monks in the course of practice in different regions with different climates and living conditions.
Main Content
The Discourse on Bathing states that bhikkhus are permitted to bathe in order to maintain health and bodily cleanliness. However, bathing must follow specific conditions: one should not bathe too frequently, in order to avoid indulgence in pleasure through the skin, and also to conserve water resources for the community. The rule also distinguishes between different seasons: during hot periods bathing more often may be permitted, while in winter or cold seasons it should be limited to protect health.
The discourse also mentions special cases: when a monk is sick or has done heavy work, bathing may be permitted more flexibly. This shows the practicality of Buddhism: the rules are not unreasonable rigid commands, but wise guidelines suited to specific circumstances. These regulations are listed in detail along with valid exceptions, helping bhikkhus understand the intention of the rule rather than merely obeying mechanically.
Practical Meaning
The Discourse on Bathing teaches that simple daily actions such as bathing should also be performed with mindfulness (sati) and wisdom (paññā).
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