Lzh Sarv Bu Pm Sk 93Standing
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ṭhita
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Ṭhita Discourse (Standing Discourse): Explanation of the Rule on Bodily Posture
Context
The Ṭhita discourse belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition of the Buddha Dharma, one of the three ancient baskets of the Pāli Canon. The Vinaya Pitaka records the rules of practice and discipline that the Buddha Śākyamuni established for the Sangha, the community of those gone forth. Unlike other collections that focus on teachings such as the Four Noble Truths or dependent origination, the Vinaya Pitaka provides practical guidance helping monastics maintain discipline, purity, and harmony in the community of practice.
The discourse "Ṭhita" (standing, standing still, remaining firm) is part of the detailed regulations on how to practice and maintain the precepts. During the Buddha's lifetime, as the Sangha developed, practical issues of training continually arose. The Blessed One gradually gave appropriate rules, helping his disciples maintain steadiness and not deviate from the path of liberation.
Main Content
Although the descriptive information does not provide the specific details of the Ṭhita discourse, based on the context of the Vinaya Pitaka, this discourse concerns rules about bodily posture or attitude in practice. The word "Ṭhita" means "standing firm" or "remaining still," and develops to indicate conditions or actions that need to be maintained steadily.
In the Vinaya Pitaka, there are many detailed provisions about how bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs should conduct themselves in different circumstances: when standing, when sitting, when walking, or on specific occasions. These rules are not arbitrary restrictions, but guidance that helps monastics restrain body, speech, and mind, the three doors of action. By maintaining correct bodily posture and dignified bearing, the practitioner can restrain greed, hatred, and delusion, thereby progressing toward purity.
Specifically, such Vinaya discourses often address behaviors to be avoided or performed; rules related to conduct with laypeople or with other bhikkhus; and ways of observing the paramis, such as purity, discipline, and faith.
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