Lzh Sarv Bu Pm Sk 78Licking the Hands
Pāli / Sanskrit:Hatthanillehaka
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Explanation of the Hatthanillehaka Sutta (Licking the Hands)
Background
The Hatthanillehaka Sutta is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically within the Pātimokkha of the Early Buddhist schools. The Vinaya Piṭaka is the collection of rules of practice established by the Buddha for the Sangha, in order to protect the true Dharma and maintain discipline in the renunciant community.
This discourse is placed in the historical context when the Buddha was alive and leading a rapidly growing Sangha. In the course of practice, specific events occurred within the bhikkhu community, leading the Buddha to give guidance and precepts. The title of the discourse, “Hatthanillehaka,” that is, “Licking the Hands,” refers to a specific action performed by bhikkhus and regarded by the Buddha as unsuitable for pure virtuous conduct.
The Vinaya Piṭaka does not only record prohibitions, but also clearly explains the reasons, circumstances, and degree of violation for each action, helping bhikkhus understand deeply the spirit of discipline.
Main Content
According to the Theravāda tradition, the action of “licking the hands” (hatthanillehaka) is considered in the context of bodily purity (kāya-suddhi). Specifically, the discourse states that some bhikkhus had the habit of licking their hands after eating, or in other situations related to bodily hygiene.
The Buddha saw that this action was unsuitable for the spirit of practice of one who has gone forth. Licking the hands was regarded as coarse conduct, lacking refinement, and capable of affecting the outward image of the Sangha. Moreover, from the perspective of hygiene and respect for natural law, it reflects a lack of perseverance and self-control in the life of practice.
The Buddha therefore gave a prohibition or specific guidance concerning this action. The purpose was not punishment, but education, helping bhikkhus understand that discipline in even the smallest details of life is the foundation of a pure mind and a disciplined community.
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