Lzh Mu Bu Pm Sk 52Swaying the Head (2nd)

Dutiyasīsappacālaka Sutta (The Second Discourse on the Gesture of Swaying)

Background

The Dutiyasīsappacālaka Sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically among the Pātimokkha rules that bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs must observe. This discourse is not a sermon on deep spiritual doctrine, but a specific rule of conduct, reflecting the Buddha’s careful governance of the Sangha.

The title "The second discourse on the gesture of swaying" (dutiya = second; sīsa = head; pacālaka = causing to sway, swaying) shows that this rule is repeated, perhaps to emphasize its importance or to clarify a specific case that bhikkhus had violated. The historical context of the Vinaya Piṭaka shows that rules were established when violations occurred, expressing the Buddha’s gradual process of educating conduct.

Main Content

This discourse concerns undignified gestures that bhikkhus should not perform, specifically shaking or swaying the head unconsciously. Although the exact details of the discourse have not been fully provided, according to the general context of the Vinaya Piṭaka, "shaking the head" is regarded as an action unsuitable for the status of a bhikkhu, one committed to preserving dignity and self-control.

The Vinaya Piṭaka often details actions considered discourteous, improper conduct, or intrusions upon modesty (pārahajjā). These rules are not only meant to avoid what is bad, but also to increase the respect (saddhā) that the Sangha receives from the lay community. When bhikkhus maintain dignified conduct, this strengthens the faith and support of the people.

The repetition ("second") may indicate that the Buddha or the Sangha again discovered a similar problem, and therefore needed to further develop or clarify this rule. This is the Buddha’s method of education: not imposing everything from the beginning, but guiding step by step as needs arise.