Lzh Mi Bu Pm Ss 11Following a Schismatic

Discourse on Following One Who Causes Schism (Bhedānuvattaka)

Background

The Bhedānuvattaka Sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, in the section prescribing detailed discipline for monks and nuns and the management of the community of practice. The term “Bhedānuvattaka” means “one who follows those who cause schism” or “those who support division.”

In the historical context, after the Buddha entered nirvana, the Sangha had to face challenges concerning unity and stability. Some figures within the monastic community attempted to separate themselves from the body of the Sangha, or propagated different teachings that caused fractures in the community. This text was compiled to guide the handling of such schismatic situations and to warn of the consequences of following or supporting those who cause division.

Main Content

This text prescribes that a monk or nun who deliberately follows, supports, or participates in activities that cause schism in the Sangha commits one of the most serious offenses in the Vinaya Piṭaka. “Following” (anuvattana) is not only a physical act but also includes approval, mental support, or participation in private separate meetings apart from the Sangha body.

The text clearly sets out the standards for determining whether an action is “following a schismatic.” This includes attending meetings, separate Dharma gatherings, or publicly speaking in support of those who cause division. The consequences of this offense are deprivation of the right to participate in Sangha activities, isolation from the community, and finally possible expulsion from the monastic community if there is no repentance.

The text also prescribes that reconciliation and restoration of relationship can only be carried out through formal rites and the verification of the entire Sangha. It is not permitted secretly to “protect” or “shelter” those who cause schism, because this will make the division worse.