Lzh Mi Bi Pm Pc 38Leaving Without Giving Consent

Explanation of the Chandaṁadatvāgamana Sutta

Background

This sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pātimokkha section, the collection of basic ethical rules that bhikkhus must observe. The Chandaṁadatvāgamana Sutta (Leaving without giving permission) is one of the Pācittiya offenses, that is, offenses requiring individual remorse.

The foundation of this rule arose from the context of the early monasteries, when bhikkhus needed to respect communal concentration and responsibility within the Sangha community. The Buddha established rules concerning the comings and goings of bhikkhus in order to maintain discipline, strengthen mutual understanding, and avoid sudden actions that might negatively affect the community.

Main Content

This rule lays down that when a bhikkhu intends to leave his residence, whether a monastery, forest, or meditation place, he must inform and request permission from the Sangha, or at least from a senior bhikkhu, before departing.

Leaving without informing others (chandaṁ adatvā, not giving others knowledge of one’s intention) is considered a violation. This is not a Pārājika offense, the grave offense requiring one to return to lay life, but a Paccattiya offense, requiring the bhikkhu to perform Pabbajjaniya Paṭisaraṇa: public remorse and apology before the Sangha.

There are many dimensions to the reason this rule exists. First, from the standpoint of safety, the Sangha needs to know where its members are, so that warnings can be given if there is danger or an incident. Second, it avoids unnecessary worry among other bhikkhus. Third, it maintains discipline and collective responsibility, preventing sudden actions that have not been carefully considered.

Practical Meaning

The profound meaning of this rule goes beyond formal discipline. It reflects a basic principle of Buddhism: careful consideration (paññā) and mutual respect (mettā).