Lzh Dg Bu Pm Pc 71Legitimate Correction
Pāli / Sanskrit:Sahadhammika
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SAHADHAMMIKA SUTRA - LEGITIMATE CORRECTION
Background
The Sahadhammika sutra is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Pātimokkha Pāḷi, the code of rules for bhikkhus. This sutra is recorded among the Pācittiya rules, lighter training rules concerning subtle faults that require confession (pāci) when violated. The setting of the rule is Jetavana, the famous vihara donated by the wealthy Anāthapiṇḍika, where the Buddha and the first bhikkhus practiced together.
The content of this sutra is directly connected with the principle of correction (vinaya) and the handling of moral issues within the Sangha. For this reason the Pāli tradition gives it the name “Sahadhammika,” meaning matters in accordance with the Dharma, matters acknowledged as valid when the whole community bears witness.
Main Content
The Sahadhammika sutra speaks of the conditions under which a correction or admonition is considered lawful and proper. When another bhikkhu has committed a fault, correction, as a form of adjustment or admonishment, is regarded as in accord with the Dharma only if it follows certain principles.
First, the correction must be carried out on the basis of the Dharma (dhamma), not for appearance or personal benefit. The one giving correction must have a pure intention, not acting from anger or jealousy. Second, the correction should be open and witnessed by fellow practitioners, or at least carried out in an appropriate context that protects the honor of both parties. Third, it must follow the specific rules of the Vinaya, not be arbitrary or authoritarian.
The sutra emphasizes that correction is not an act of imposing power, but an expression of compassion and shared concern for the spiritual progress of all. Those who correct others should be bhikkhus who understand the Dharma clearly, have experience in practice, and are not harmed by bad habits or wrongful motives. This rule ensures that the Sangha is protected from arbitrary correction or baseless coercion.
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