大般若波羅蜜多經

XXXIV. THE CHAPTER ON WHAT IS DIFFICULT TO BELIEVE AND UNDERSTAND

90

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the perfection of giving is pure; because the perfection of giving is pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the perfection of giving, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the perfections of ethical discipline, patience, diligence, meditative concentration, and prajnaparamita are pure; because the perfections of ethical discipline through prajnaparamita are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the perfections of ethical discipline through prajnaparamita, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, internal emptiness is pure; because internal emptiness is pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of internal emptiness, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, external emptiness, internal-and-external emptiness, the emptiness of emptiness, great emptiness, the emptiness of ultimate meaning, the emptiness of the conditioned, the emptiness of the unconditioned, ultimate emptiness, boundless emptiness, the emptiness of dispersion, the emptiness of the immutable, the emptiness of intrinsic nature, the emptiness of individual characteristics, the emptiness of common characteristics, the emptiness of all dharmas, the emptiness of the ungraspable,

the emptiness of nonexistence, the emptiness of self-nature, and the emptiness of the self-nature of nonexistence are pure; because external emptiness through the emptiness of the self-nature of nonexistence are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of external emptiness through the emptiness of the self-nature of nonexistence, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, suchness is pure; because suchness is pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of suchness, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the dharma-dhatu, the nature of dharmas, the nature free from falsity, the immutable nature, the nature of equality, the nature of freedom from arising, the certainty of dharmas, the abiding of dharmas, the ultimate reality, the realm of space, and the inconceivable realm are pure; because the dharma-dhatu through the inconceivable realm are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the dharma-dhatu through the inconceivable realm, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the Noble Truth of suffering is pure; because the Noble Truth of suffering is pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the Noble Truth of suffering, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path are pure; because the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the four meditative concentrations are pure; because the four meditative concentrations are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the four meditative concentrations, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the four immeasurables and the four formless attainments are pure; because the four immeasurables and the four formless attainments are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the four immeasurables and the four formless attainments, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the eight liberations are pure; because the eight liberations are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the eight liberations, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive attainments, and the ten spheres of totality are pure; because the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive attainments, and the ten spheres of totality are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive attainments, and the ten spheres of totality, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the four foundations of mindfulness are pure; because the four foundations of mindfulness are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the four foundations of mindfulness, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the four right efforts, the four bases of spiritual power, the five faculties, the five powers, and the eightfold Noble Path are pure; because the four right efforts through the eightfold Noble Path are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the four right efforts through the eightfold Noble Path, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the gateway to liberation through emptiness is pure; because the gateway to liberation through emptiness is pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the gateway to liberation through emptiness, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness are pure; because the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness are pure, the seven factors of enlightenment are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness, or the purity of the seven factors of enlightenment, they are all nondual, not divided into two, free from discrimination, and neither interrupted nor extinguished.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the ten bodhisattva grounds are pure; because the ten bodhisattva grounds are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the ten bodhisattva grounds, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the five kinds of eyes are pure; because the five kinds of eyes are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the five kinds of eyes, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the six superknowledges are pure; because the six superknowledges are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the six superknowledges, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the ten powers of a Buddha are pure; because the ten powers of a Buddha are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the ten powers of a Buddha, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the four fearlessnesses, the four unobstructed understandings, great loving-kindness, great compassion, great sympathetic joy, great equanimity, and the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha are pure; because the four fearlessnesses through the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the four fearlessnesses through the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the Dharma of never-forgetfulness is pure; because the Dharma of never-forgetfulness is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the Dharma of never-forgetfulness, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the nature of constant equanimity is pure; because the nature of constant equanimity is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the nature of constant equanimity, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the knowledge of all dharmas is pure; because the knowledge of all dharmas is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the knowledge of all dharmas, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the knowledge of the aspects of the paths and the knowledge of all aspects are pure; because the knowledge of the aspects of the paths and the knowledge of all aspects are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the knowledge of the aspects of the paths and the knowledge of all aspects, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, all dharani gateways are pure; because all dharani gateways are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of all dharani gateways, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, all samadhi gateways are pure; because all samadhi gateways are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of all samadhi gateways, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the fruit of stream-entry is pure; because the fruit of stream-entry is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the fruit of stream-entry, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship are pure; because the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the fruit of a pratyekabuddha is pure; because the fruit of a pratyekabuddha is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the fruit of a pratyekabuddha, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, all the practices of great bodhisattvas are pure; because all the practices of great bodhisattvas are pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of all the practices of great bodhisattvas, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the unsurpassed perfect awakening of the Buddhas is pure; because the unsurpassed perfect awakening of the Buddhas is pure, the seven factors of awakening are pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the unsurpassed perfect awakening of the Buddhas, or the purity of the seven factors of awakening, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Furthermore, Good Subhuti! Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, form is pure; because form is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this?

Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of form, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation. Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness are pure; because feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, without division into two, without discrimination, and without annihilation.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the eye ayatana is pure; because the eye ayatana is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the eye ayatana, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas are pure; because the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the form ayatana is pure; because the form ayatana is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the form ayatana, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas are pure; because the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the eye dhatu is pure; because the eye dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the eye dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the form dhatu, the eye-consciousness dhatu, eye-contact, and the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition are pure; because the form dhatu through to the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the form dhatu through to the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the ear dhatu is pure; because the ear dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the ear dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the sound dhatu, the ear-consciousness dhatu, ear-contact, and the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition are pure; because the sound dhatu through to the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the sound dhatu through to the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the nose dhatu is pure; because the nose dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the nose dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the odor dhatu, the nose-consciousness dhatu, nose-contact, and the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition are pure; because the odor dhatu through to the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the odor dhatu through to the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the tongue dhatu is pure; because the tongue dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the tongue dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the taste dhatu, the tongue-consciousness dhatu, tongue-contact, and the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition are pure; because the taste dhatu through to the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the taste dhatu through to the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the body dhatu is pure; because the body dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the body dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the tangible-object dhatu, the body-consciousness dhatu, body-contact, and the feelings arising with body-contact as condition are pure; because the tangible-object dhatu through to the feelings arising with body-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the tangible-object dhatu through to the feelings arising with body-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the mind dhatu is pure; because the mind dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the mind dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the dharma dhatu, the mind-consciousness dhatu, mind-contact, and the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition are pure; because the dharma dhatu through to the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the dharma dhatu through to the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the earth dhatu is pure; because the earth dhatu is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the earth dhatu, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness dhatus are pure; because the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness dhatus are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness dhatus, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or destruction.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, ignorance is pure; because ignorance is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, ignorance, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, formations, consciousness, name-and-form, the six sense bases, contact, feeling, craving, grasping, existence, birth, aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and distress are pure; because formations through aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and distress are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, formations through aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and distress, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the perfection of generosity is pure; because the perfection of generosity is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the perfection of generosity, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the perfections of ethical discipline, patience, diligence, meditation, and prajnaparamita are pure; because the perfections of ethical discipline through prajnaparamita are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the perfections of ethical discipline through prajnaparamita, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the emptiness of internal phenomena is pure; because the emptiness of internal phenomena is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the emptiness of internal phenomena, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the emptiness of external phenomena, the emptiness of internal and external phenomena, the emptiness of emptiness, great emptiness, the emptiness of ultimate meaning, the emptiness of conditioned phenomena, the emptiness of unconditioned phenomena, ultimate emptiness, boundless emptiness, the emptiness of dispersion, the emptiness of the immutable, the emptiness of intrinsic nature, the emptiness of individual characteristics, the emptiness of common characteristics, the emptiness of all phenomena, the emptiness of the unapprehensible, the emptiness of nonbeing, the emptiness of self-nature, and the emptiness of the self-nature of nonbeing are pure;

because the emptiness of external phenomena through the emptiness of the self-nature of nonbeing are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the emptiness of external phenomena through the emptiness of the self-nature of nonbeing, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, suchness is pure; because suchness is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, suchness, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the dhatu of phenomena, the nature of phenomena, the nature free from falsity, the immutable nature, the nature of equality, the nature of freedom from arising, the fixed order of phenomena, the abiding order of phenomena, the reality-limit, the realm of space, and the inconceivable realm are pure; because the dhatu of phenomena through the inconceivable realm are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the dhatu of phenomena through the inconceivable realm, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the Noble Truth of suffering is pure; because the Noble Truth of suffering is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the Noble Truth of suffering, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path are pure; because the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the Noble Truths of the origin of suffering, its cessation, and the path, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the four meditative absorptions are pure; because the four meditative absorptions are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the four meditative absorptions, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the four immeasurables and the four formless concentrations are pure; because the four immeasurables and the four formless concentrations are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the four immeasurables and the four formless concentrations, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the eight liberations are pure; because the eight liberations are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the eight liberations, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive concentrations, and the ten totalities are pure; because the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive concentrations, and the ten totalities are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the eight spheres of mastery, the nine successive concentrations, and the ten totalities, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the four foundations of mindfulness are pure; because the four foundations of mindfulness are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the four foundations of mindfulness, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom is pure, the four right efforts, the four bases of spiritual power, the five faculties, the five powers, and the seven factors of awakening are pure; because the four right efforts through the seven factors of awakening are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the knowledge of all-knowing wisdom, the four right efforts through the seven factors of awakening, or the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation or annihilation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the gateway to liberation through emptiness is pure; because the gateway to liberation through emptiness is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why?

Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the gateway to liberation through emptiness, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness are pure; because the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the gateways to liberation through signlessness and wishlessness, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the ten bodhisattva grounds are pure; because the ten bodhisattva grounds are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the ten bodhisattva grounds, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the five kinds of eyes are pure; because the five kinds of eyes are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the five kinds of eyes, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the six superknowledges are pure; because the six superknowledges are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the six superknowledges, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the ten powers of a Buddha are pure; because the ten powers of a Buddha are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why?

Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the ten powers of a Buddha, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the four fearlessnesses, the four unobstructed understandings, great loving-kindness, great compassion, great sympathetic joy, great equanimity, and the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha are pure; because the four fearlessnesses through the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the four fearlessnesses through the eighteen distinctive qualities of a Buddha, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the Dharma of non-forgetfulness is pure; because the Dharma of non-forgetfulness is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the Dharma of non-forgetfulness, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the nature of constant equanimity is pure; because the nature of constant equanimity is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the nature of constant equanimity, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, knowledge of all things is pure; because knowledge of all things is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why?

Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of knowledge of all things, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, knowledge of the aspects of the paths and knowledge of all aspects are pure; because knowledge of the aspects of the paths and knowledge of all aspects are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of knowledge of the aspects of the paths and knowledge of all aspects, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, all dharani gateways are pure; because all dharani gateways are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of all dharani gateways, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, all samadhi gateways are pure; because all samadhi gateways are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of all samadhi gateways, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the fruit of stream-entry is pure; because the fruit of stream-entry is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why?

Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the fruit of stream-entry, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation. Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship are pure; because the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure.

Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the fruits of once-returning, non-returning, and arhatship, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the fruit of pratyekabuddhahood is pure; because the fruit of pratyekabuddhahood is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the fruit of pratyekabuddhahood, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, all practices of great bodhisattvas are pure; because all practices of great bodhisattvas are pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of all practices of great bodhisattvas, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Good Presence! Because omniscient knowledge is pure, the supreme enlightenment of all Buddhas is pure; because the supreme enlightenment of all Buddhas is pure, the Noble Eightfold Path is pure. Why? Whether it is the purity of omniscient knowledge, the purity of the supreme enlightenment of all Buddhas, or the purity of the Noble Eightfold Path, all are nondual, not divided into two, without distinction, and without cessation.

Furthermore, Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, form is pure; because form is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of form, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness are pure; because feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the eye ayatana is pure; because the eye ayatana is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the eye ayatana, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas are pure; because the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind ayatanas, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the form ayatana is pure; because the form ayatana is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the form ayatana, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas are pure; because the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the sound, odor, taste, tangible-object, and dharma ayatanas, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the eye dhatu is pure; because the eye dhatu is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the eye dhatu, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the form dhatu, the eye-consciousness dhatu, eye-contact, and the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition are pure; because the form dhatu through the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the form dhatu through the feelings arising with eye-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the ear dhatu is pure; because the ear dhatu is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the ear dhatu, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the sound dhatu, the ear-consciousness dhatu, ear-contact, and the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition are pure; because the sound dhatu through the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the sound dhatu through the feelings arising with ear-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the nose dhatu is pure; because the nose dhatu is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the nose dhatu, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the odor dhatu, the nose-consciousness dhatu, nose-contact, and the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition are pure; because the odor dhatu through the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the odor dhatu through the feelings arising with nose-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the tongue dhatu is pure; because the tongue dhatu is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the tongue dhatu, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the taste dhatu, the tongue-consciousness dhatu, tongue-contact, and the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition are pure; because the taste dhatu through the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the taste dhatu through the feelings arising with tongue-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti! Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the body dhatu is pure; because the body dhatu is pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure. Why?

Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the body dhatu, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation. Because the wisdom of all-knowledge is pure, the tangible-object dhatu, the body-consciousness dhatu, body-contact, and the feelings arising with body-contact as condition are pure; because the tangible-object dhatu through the feelings arising with body-contact as condition are pure, the liberation gateway of emptiness is pure.

Why? Because whether it is the purity of the wisdom of all-knowledge, the purity of the tangible-object dhatu through the feelings arising with body-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation gateway of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the mind element is pure; because the mind element is pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the mind element, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the dharma element, the mind-consciousness element, mind-contact, and the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition are pure; because the dharma element through the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition are pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the dharma element through the feelings arising with mind-contact as condition, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the earth element is pure; because the earth element is pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the earth element, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness elements are pure; because the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness elements are pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the water, fire, wind, space, and consciousness elements, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, ignorance is pure; because ignorance is pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of ignorance, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, volitional formations, consciousness, name-and-form, the six sense bases, contact, feeling, craving, clinging, becoming, birth, aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair are pure; because volitional formations through aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair are pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of volitional formations through aging and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Subhuti, because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the prajnaparamita of generosity is pure; because the prajnaparamita of generosity is pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the prajnaparamita of generosity, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Because the knowledge of all-knowledge is pure, the prajnaparamitas of moral discipline, patience, diligence, meditation, and wisdom are pure; because the prajnaparamita of moral discipline through the prajnaparamita of wisdom are pure, the liberation-gate of emptiness is pure. Why is this? Whether it is the purity of the knowledge of all-knowledge, the purity of the prajnaparamita of moral discipline through the prajnaparamita of wisdom, or the purity of the liberation-gate of emptiness, they are all nondual, not divided into two, without discrimination, and without cessation.

Fascicle 271

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