Lzh Sarv Bi Vb Sk 98Shoes
Pāli / Sanskrit:Pāduka
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EXPLANATION OF THE PĀDUKA SUTTA (On Footwear)
Background
The Pāduka Sutta is recorded in the Vinaya Pitaka of the Theravāda Buddha-Dharma tradition, specifically in the Vibhaṅga, the analysis of the discipline. The Vinaya Pitaka is the collection of texts that sets forth the rules of practice established by the Buddha for the monks and nuns, the monastic community. These rules were proclaimed gradually according to the practical needs that arose in the early community of practice.
The Pāduka Sutta concerns the use of personal daily implements, especially objects that protect the body, such as shoes and sandals. In the context of early monastic life in India, rules concerning wearing footwear, using it, and caring for it were practical details of the humble life of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs. These matters seem to have caused certain difficulties, so the Buddha gave specific instructions together with the spiritual reasons behind each rule.
Main Content
The Pāduka Sutta explains the rules concerning the possession, use, and care of footwear in monastic life. These are not simply administrative restrictions, but regulations reflecting spiritual cultivation on the path of the Dhamma.
First, the text states clearly the educational purpose of these rules. Footwear is regarded as a necessary item for protecting the feet when walking. Yet one’s attitude toward it must accord with the spirit of renunciation. Bhikkhus should not regard such objects as tools for displaying status or luxury, but only as means that support life within a humble mode of living.
The text sets out details concerning the kinds of footwear that may be used, how they should be kept, and that they should not be placed in inappropriate places, for example, unclean places or places where they may easily be damaged. There are rules concerning the times when footwear may be used, such as when entering a monastery or sacred places. These details teach us that even the simplest objects require wakefulness and mindfulness (sati).
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