Lzh Sarv Bi Vb Sk 42Not Enter Covering Left Shoulder Opening Right Shoulder

Explanation of the Sutta: Not Entering with the Left Shoulder Covered and the Right Shoulder Open

Background

This sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka, in the Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga section, where the rules of practice for bhikkhunīs, women who have gone forth, are recorded. This is one of the detailed regulations on dress and respectful demeanor in the Sangha community. The Vinaya Piṭaka was compiled after the Buddha’s passing, based on his teachings and direct guidance, in order to maintain discipline and harmony in the monastic community.

In the Theravāda tradition, the Vinaya Piṭaka is regarded as the foundation that protects virtue (sīla), supports the true Dharma, and nourishes reverence in every small detail of practice. The rule concerning the covering of the body reflects the principle of ascetic training, not only in terms of social modesty but also as a way of training the mind that habitually wants to adorn and display itself.

Main Content

The rule “Not Entering with the Left Shoulder Covered and the Right Shoulder Open” (whether at the level of pārājika or pācittiya depends on the context) states that bhikkhunīs must not enter places such as assemblies, ceremonies, or solemn spaces while exposing the left shoulder or covering the right shoulder excessively in a suggestive manner. This concerns the correct way of wearing the saffron robe, or cīvara.

In the context of Theravāda Buddhism, the cīvara is not merely clothing but a symbol of monastic identity. The way it is worn reflects reverence for the Three Jewels, the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, and for the community. This rule instructs that when attending solemn ceremonies or entering sacred places, one should cover the body modestly and not expose the shoulders arbitrarily. Actions such as exposing the shoulder or letting clothing hang loosely are regarded as signs of carelessness and lack of respect for the joy of the Dharma.

This regulation also reflects the principles of self-discipline (saṃyama) and sati, mindfulness, in each daily movement. It is not a mechanical prohibition but a reminder to maintain awareness of the body and its habits.