Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Pd 2Asking for Curd
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dadhiviññāpana
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Explanation of the Dadhiviññāpana Sutra (Asking for Curd)
Background
The Dadhiviññāpana Sutra is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, the collection of rules of practice promulgated by the Buddha for the Sangha. Unlike the parts of scripture that teach transcendent doctrine, the Vinaya Piṭaka is directed toward maintaining discipline and harmony within the community of renunciants. This sutra, though its title is as simple as “Asking for Curd” (dadhiviññāpana), contains profound principles concerning self-restraint, humility, and the reasonable conduct of bhikkhus.
The historical background concerns specific situations in the daily life of the Sangha during the Buddha’s time. Not everything that bhikkhus needed was supplied automatically; certain articles or foods, including curd (dadhi), had to be requested. This sutra prescribes the proper way for bhikkhus to ask for necessities without violating virtue.
Main Content
The sutra on asking for curd records that bhikkhus sometimes needed to request curd from relatives or trusted laypeople. However, the request had to be made appropriately. According to the Buddha’s rule, a bhikkhu should not casually say “I want curd” or “give me curd” in a direct or unkind manner. Instead, the bhikkhu should use the method of “viññāpana,” that is, informing or suggesting gently and harmoniously.
The sutra shows that when asking for necessities for health or daily life, bhikkhus must follow the principle of not exaggerating, not demanding, and not coercing. This reflects a basic principle of the Vinaya Piṭaka: the rules are not only to prevent wrongful action, but also to nurture a right state of mind, namely humility, non-greed, and gratitude.
Furthermore, the sutra also makes clear that there are special cases, such as when a bhikkhu is ill or needs curd for medical reasons, in which asking is lawful and appropriate.
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