Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Dh Sk 90Low Seats
Pāli / Sanskrit:Nīcāsana
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THE NĪCĀSANA DISCOURSE (LOW SEATS)
Background
The Nīcāsana discourse belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition, consisting of regulations related to the life of practice of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs. Nīcāsana literally means “low seats” or “humble sitting postures,” reflecting the spirit of discipline and respect in the Sangha community.
The Vinaya Piṭaka was compiled to guide those gone forth in living a pure life, removed from offenses and harmful conduct. Every rule (sikkhapadā) has its origin in specific situations from the life of the Buddha and the early disciples. The Nīcāsana discourse especially emphasizes the importance of humility and reverence, foundational values of Buddhist practice.
Main Content
This discourse concerns rules related to sitting posture and bodily expression among those gone forth in the communal life of the Sangha. In particular, it defines that bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs should sit in low, humble seats and should not take the preferred seats reserved for senior teachers or elders in the community.
This regulation is not merely a matter of form, but reflects a profound principle: an attitude of lowering oneself and not being conceited is a foundation of pure practice. When those gone forth knowingly choose to sit in lower positions, they continue the practice of mettā (loving-kindness), khantī (patience), and sammā-saṅkappā (right intention). This helps maintain harmony in the Sangha and creates a wholesome atmosphere for collective practice.
The Nīcāsana discourse also implicitly indicates that observing these humane rules is a way of showing respect for the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. By collecting the mind and regulating bodily actions, those gone forth gradually remove the traces of pride, ambition, and self-clinging.
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