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Exposition of Scripture Toh 4188—Tengyur (Tibetan Abhidharma Piṭaka)
Context
This scripture comes from the Tengyur (bT ’Gyur, “Translation of the Treatises”), the precious collection of the Northern Buddhist Canon containing treatises, commentaries, and auxiliary works by noble sages. The Tengyur is a treasury of Buddhist wisdom comprising more than 200 volumes, translated from Sanskrit in Tibet over the period from the eighth through the twelfth centuries.
Toh 4188 is one of the treatises (śāstra) included in the basic curriculum of Northern Tibetan monasteries. Although its title has not been clearly disclosed, its position in the Tengyur indicates that it is a work in the fields of Abhidharma (the teachings of the Kośa—concerning the analysis of dharmas), Madhyamaka, or the doctrine of Mind-Only (Yogācāra—the school that maintains “Mind Only”). Such treatises were composed by noble sages such as Vasubandhu, Dharmakīrti, or Candrakīrti and were widely taught by great Northern Tibetan masters such as Tsongkhapa.
Main Content
Although the specific content of this scripture has not been fully translated in the currently available materials, according to the context of the Tengyur and the Northern Canon, treatises in this section generally focus on several key subjects:
Analysis of the Nature of Mind and Phenomena (Citta-Caitasika Vibhanga): An explanation of how mind and mental factors (caitasika) function, how they arise and cease, and how they interact with one another in each moment of experience. This is the foundation for understanding Contemplation of Mind in Mahayana practice.
Theory of Causes and Conditions (Pratītyasamutpāda Anuśāsana): More profoundly, this treatise may explain how dharmas arise from conditions, possess no independent intrinsic nature (anātman), and contain no eternal first-person entity (pudgala-nairātmya).
Methods of Valid Dialectical Reasoning (Nyāya-Prayoga): A presentation of methods of argumentation, proof, and refutation that defend the Buddha’s Dharma and eliminate wrong views.
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