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An Explanation of Toh 4116 (The Tengyur Treatise Collection)
Background
This scripture belongs to the Treatise Collection (Tengyur) of the Northern Tibetan Mahayana tradition, a compilation of commentaries and explanations by great Buddhist meditation masters and scholars. The Tengyur is an indispensable supplement to the Scripture Collection (Kangyur), containing profound perspectives on Dharma teachings and practical guidance from the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.
Toh 4116 is an important commentary within the Mahayana system, reflecting the comprehensive understanding of Tibetan sages concerning the true nature of practice. Although no specific title is recorded in the present records, this work represents a tradition of Buddhist commentary dating from the seventh and eighth centuries, when meditation masters such as Nāgārjuna, Āryadeva, and their disciples diligently propagated the Mahayana in Tibet.
Main Content
Commentaries in the Tengyur frequently explain three key factors: the relative nature of phenomena (bhāva-svabhāva, the intrinsic nature of dharmas), dependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda), and the path of practice leading to liberation. In accordance with the characteristics of the Northern Tibetan tradition, this scripture emphasizes the understanding that all phenomena are empty of intrinsic nature (śūnyatā) and possess no independent or permanent essence.
Within the Mahayana framework, the important distinction is its emphasis on the bodhisattva path—a path on which one seeks personal liberation not to escape suffering, but to assist all sentient beings. This treatise guides students in generating bodhicitta, the altruistic resolve that expects no reward.
The Northern Tibetan tradition attaches great importance to this point: practice is inseparable from the application of supreme wisdom (prajñāpāramitā). Through this commentary, readers are guided to recognize that every practice—from maintaining ethical discipline (śīla) and cultivating patience (kṣānti) to meditation (dhyāna)—is a skillful means (upāya) whose ultimate purpose is perfect enlightenment.
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