Toh 1965Untitled
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Exposition of the Scripture Toh 1965 - Tengyur (Treatise Collection)
Background
The scripture Toh 1965 belongs to the Tengyur, the collection of scriptural treatises of the Northern Mahayana tradition, compiled and preserved during the process of translating and developing the Buddha Dharma in Tibet from the seventh century onward. The Tengyur is a collection of commentaries (shastra) on the fundamental Mahayana scriptures, composed by great masters such as Nagarjuna, Aryadeva, Asanga, and Vasubandhu to help practitioners understand the meaning contained in the Buddha’s words.
In the Northern Mahayana Tibetan tradition, the Tengyur is regarded as a treasury of Eastern wisdom, containing profound commentaries on the Four Noble Truths, the teaching on emptiness, the bodhisattva path, and other teachings. The scripture Toh 1965 belongs to this section and serves the purpose of illuminating the path of practice according to Mahayana thought, emphasizing the liberation of all beings rather than oneself alone.
Main Content
Although the original title of this scripture has not been fully transmitted through current sources, from its place in the Tengyur this scripture is intended to explain important aspects of the Mahayana Buddha Dharma. Commentaries in the Tengyur often focus on three main directions: first, analyzing the nature of mind and consciousness (citta-dharma); second, exploring the emptiness (shunyata) of all phenomena; and third, emphasizing the bodhisattva path, where the practitioner generates bodhicitta in order to liberate immeasurable beings.
In the context of the Northern Tibetan Buddha Dharma, treatises on mind and emptiness are often used to show that our mistaken suspicion concerning self and matter is the source of suffering (dukkha). This scripture may address levels of meditative absorption (samadhi), or skillful means for cultivating the mind, or commentaries on Skillful Means (upaya-kaushalya), the Buddha’s adaptive skill in guiding beings in different ways according to their capacities.
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