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An Explanation of Toh 1818 — A Treatise from the Tibetan Mahayana Canon
Context
This scripture belongs to the Tengyur—the collection of treatises of the Tibetan Mahayana tradition, compiled from the works of learned Buddhist masters of India. Toh 1818 is a treatise (śāstra) of significance within the doctrinal system of the Northern Mahayana Canon, in which tenets concerning the absence of inherent nature (śūnyatā), bodhisattva awakening (Bodhisattva-bodhi), and the path to liberation are analyzed in depth.
Although the title of the scripture has not been fully rendered, based on its position within the collection of treatises, this is a work intended to clarify subtle points of Buddhist doctrine, possibly concerning such subjects as the nature of mind, the bodhisattva path of practice, or questions of signlessness and selflessness. Treatises such as this are commonly used in Tibetan Buddhist educational institutions to train Buddhist scholars.
Main Content
In the tradition of the Northern Mahayana Canon, the treatises of the Tengyur seek to clarify the essential points of the scriptures. The specific content of Toh 1818 is based on the fundamental principles upon which this entire system is founded: all phenomena (dharmas) are devoid of inherent nature (rang-bzhin-med-pa), all sentient beings possess Buddha-nature, and the path of practice must lead to awakening for the benefit of all sentient beings.
This treatise may analyze the constituent elements of the bodhisattva path: from the arising of bodhicitta—the aspiration to attain awakening for the sake of sentient beings—to the practice of the six perfections (pāramitā: generosity, ethical discipline, patience, diligence, meditative concentration, and wisdom). In particular, the perfection of wisdom (prajñāpāramitā) is the heart of this path, encompassing profound understanding of the selflessness of persons (pudgala-nairātmya) and the selflessness of phenomena (dharma-nairātmya).
Within the context of the Northern Canon, the scripture often emphasizes the importance of calm abiding (
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