Toh 1790Untitled
Exposition of Toh 1790 - The Mahayana Northern Transmission Tradition
Context
Scripture Toh 1790 is found in the Tengyur, that is, the Treatise Collection of Northern Transmission Buddhism, consisting of treatises and commentaries by great exegetes that help clarify the Mahayana Dharma methods. The Tengyur was compiled on the basis of translations from Sanskrit into Tibetan, reflecting the profound Mahāyāna tradition of Buddhism in the Himalayan region.
Within the Mahayana context, especially the Northern Transmission, the scriptures and treatises focus on the theory of universal Buddha-nature, the capacity of all beings to become Buddhas, and diverse means (upāya) of instruction. Although the title of this scripture has not been fully disclosed, it belongs to the context of treatises concerning elements of consciousness, natural characteristics, and the path of bodhisattva practice.
Main Content
The specific content of this scripture has not yet been fully translated, yet based on its position in the Tengyur and the Northern Transmission tradition, one may infer that this scripture is related to profound teachings on the nature of mind (cittasvabhāva) or on bodhisattvas on the stages (bhūmi).
The Northern Transmission tradition, inheriting from the Madhyamaka and Yogācāra schools, emphasizes that mind is by nature luminous (prakāśa) and aware (viññāṇa). All material and mental phenomena arise from mind, yet this mind has no independent essence (śūnyatā). The scriptures and treatises in the Tengyur often teach the correct understanding of the twofold emptiness (hai-śūnyatā): the absence of self in persons (pudgala-nairātmya) and the absence of self in phenomena (dharma-nairātmya).
Bodhisattvas following the Mahayana path, through the ten stages (daśa-bhūmi), gradually perfect the six perfections (ṣaḍ-pāramitā) and the transcendent qualities, finally accomplishing Buddhahood. Scripture Toh 1790 may be a detailed commentary on one of these steps, or on the nature of Buddha-wisdom (buddha-jñāna): luminous, equal, and free.
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