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Explanation of Sutra Number Toh 3797 — Prajnaparamita Collection
Context
This sutra is found in the Prajnaparamita Sutra collection of the Mahayana tradition, preserved in the Northern Transmission canon under the designation Toh 3797. The Prajnaparamita collection is one of the most important collections of scriptures in Mahayana Buddhism, focusing on prajnaparamita wisdom—the most certain transcendent wisdom cultivated by Buddhas and bodhisattvas in order to attain awakening.
Translated from Sanskrit into Tibetan, this sutra reflects the development of Buddhist thought in India between the eighth and tenth centuries, a period in which Mahāyāna Buddhism flourished. The Prajnaparamita collection emphasizes that the path of practice is not reserved only for noble beings but extends to all sentient beings, through the theory of Tibetan skillful means (upāya) and the unreal nature of phenomena (śūnyatā).
Main Content
Although the specific title of the sutra Toh 3797 has not been fully provided by tradition, because it belongs to the Prajnaparamita collection, it focuses on explaining prajnaparamita wisdom as a gate for bringing beings across. According to Mahayana theory, prajnaparamita is not ordinary knowledge but direct awakening to the empty nature (śūnyatā) of all dharmas.
The sutra teaches that bodhisattvas at various levels—from the first ground (bodhisattva bhūmi) to the tenth ground—must all study and practice prajnaparamita wisdom. This process is not the accumulation of knowledge, but the gradual removal of attachments to “self,” “I,” “we,” and “ours.” Through this practice, bodhisattvas develop luminous wisdom (bodhicitta) so that they can be born in every place and liberate immeasurable sentient beings.
The practices set forth in the Prajnaparamita collection include the six paramitas (Pāramitā)—six transcendent means: generosity (dāna), ethical discipline (śīla), patience (kṣānti), diligence (vīrya), meditation (dhyāna), and wisdom (prajñā). Among these, prajnaparamita wisdom is the perfection of them all, the completion of awakening.
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