Toh 771The Hundred and Eight Names of Jambhala
Pāli / Sanskrit:Jambhalanāmāṣṭaśatakam
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Explanation of the Scripture of the Hundred and Eight Names of Jambhala
Context
The Scripture of the Hundred and Eight Names of Jambhala (Jambhalanāmāṣṭaśatakam) is preserved in the Northern canon of the Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition. Jambhala, also known as Vaiśravaṇa or Kubera, is the Heavenly King of Many Treasures in the system of Tibetan Buddhist belief. This scripture gathers the sacred names of this deity, each name containing his qualities, functions, and transcendent states.
In the Tibetan Mahāyāna tradition (Vajrayāna), reciting the names of bodhisattvas or deities is not merely an act of reverence, but also a profound method of practice. These names are regarded as hidden truths, each sound bearing mystical power (mantra), capable of transforming consciousness and accumulating merit. The scripture was included in the Kangyur, the Tibetan Sūtra canon, to support practitioners seeking material and spiritual development.
Main Content
This scripture consists of one hundred and eight names (aṣṭaśataka) of Jambhala, each name reflecting one aspect of this bodhisattva or divine being. These names are not simply reminders, but transcendent formulas (dharma) deeply imbued with Buddhist teachings.
Jambhala is described in many different forms, sometimes as a wealth deity who brings riches, and at other times as a bodhisattva who contains boundless wisdom. His names encompass qualities such as “One Who Covers the Shadow of the Sun,” “Lord of Endless Treasuries,” “Remover of Poverty,” and “Wisdom Like the Parting of Clouds and Mist.” Each name is a contemplative exercise, guiding the reciter to visualize and merge with these extraordinary qualities.
The repetitive structure of the names creates a powerful litany-like rhythm, supporting the concentration of mind in practice.
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