Toh 50The Array of the Tathāgata Akṣobhya
Pāli / Sanskrit:Akṣobhyatathāgatasya vyūhasūtra
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An Exposition of the Sutra of the Seven Wisdoms of the Tathagata Akṣobhya
Context
The Sutra of the Seven Wisdoms of the Tathagata Akṣobhya (Akṣobhyatathāgatasya vyūhasūtra) is an important scripture of the Northern Transmission Mahayana canon, preserved in the Tibetan Kangyur. Akṣobhya, whose name means “Immovable,” is one of the primordial Buddhas (Adi-Buddhas) in the Mahayana system, especially revered in the Tibetan and Japanese traditions.
This sutra was taught by the Buddha in the context of perfect buddha fields, where bodhisattvas and sentient beings practice through the power of the circle of the Buddha’s conduct, meditative stability, and discipline (bodhisattva vow), and through immeasurable compassion. Akṣobhya is a symbol of unwavering steadfastness in practice, of a mind unmoved amid difficult circumstances, and of a distinct manifestation in comparison with the Tathagata Amitābha in the Mahayana schools.
Main Content
The sutra describes the “seven wisdoms” (vyūha - arrangement, adornment) of the Tathagata Akṣobhya, which may be understood as seven ways of expressing or arranging the accomplishment of the Buddha Dharma. According to Tibetan tradition, sutras concerning different Tathagatas often focus on detailed descriptions of buddha fields, special merits, and the vows of discipline of that Buddha.
Akṣobhya is commonly associated with the East (the eastern direction) and the color blue, symbolizing purity and firmness. In Mahayana practice, Akṣobhya’s buddha field is called Abhirati (the Realm of Unmistaken Joy), where there is no wavering, no despair, and no loss. This sutra teaches the conditions for birth in this land, as well as the particular practices by which those bodhisattvas uphold discipline.
The seven wisdoms are broadly understood as seven aspects of the accomplishment of the path to buddhahood: from generating the mind of awakening to the perfection of noble conduct, from lofty vows to the wondrous effects that this Buddha brings forth in the universe.
Practical Meaning
For those who practice according to the Tibetan tradition, this sutra provides a concrete model of practice.
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