San Lo Mvu 80The First Jātaka About Padumāvatī
Pāli / Sanskrit:The First Jātaka About Padumāvatī
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Commentary: The First Jātaka About Padumāvatī
Background
The Jātakas, stories of former births, recount the past lives of the Buddha, in which he cultivated the pāramīs in order to proceed toward Buddhahood. This Jātaka records a story related to Padumāvatī, a queen regarded as a symbol of virtue and compassion.
According to the Theravāda tradition, the Jātakas are not merely literary works for entertainment, but profound lessons on cause and effect, virtue, and the way of practice. They are told in order to guide monks, nuns, and the community of devotees to understand clearly the nature of continuous practice through many lives.
San Lo Mvu 80 (Samantapāsādikā, a section of the Vinaya Ṭīkā) is a part of the Vinaya Piṭaka, where Jātaka stories are recorded as evidence for monastic legal clauses. The appearance of the Padumāvatī story in this context shows the connection between ethical action and observance of law within the religious community.
Main Content
Padumāvatī is a queen renowned for noble qualities: boundless compassion, deep wisdom, and a mind acting for the common benefit of her people. In this life, Padumāvatī is described as a masterful woman, not only skilled in affairs of state but also devoted to protecting the Buddha-Dharma and supporting practitioners.
The story focuses on the difficult decisions Padumāvatī had to face, perhaps related to protecting the rights of monks and nuns or helping those treated unjustly. Through these actions, Padumāvatī practiced the pāramīs, especially the pāramī of loving-kindness (mettā pāramī) and the pāramī of wisdom (paññā pāramī).
The way Padumāvatī handled complex situations clearly illustrates how a pure mind, free from greed and hatred, can guide right action.
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