Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Dh Np 17Offerings Intended for the Sangha
Pāli / Sanskrit:Pariṇata
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Pariṇata Discourse: On Offerings Intended for the Sangha
Background
The Pariṇata Discourse belongs to the Dhamma-nipata section of the Vinaya Pitaka in the Early Buddhist tradition. This discourse records the Buddha’s regulations and guidance concerning the offering of goods to the Sangha. In the context of the community of monks and nuns in ancient India, economic support played an important role in preserving the Dharma.
The term “Pariṇata” means “transformation” or “the result of an offering.” This discourse not only regulates the manner of giving offerings, but also educates people in the proper mental attitude of giving, in order to avoid selfish acts or impure intentions in supporting monastics.
Main Content
The Pariṇata Discourse presents details on the types of goods suitable under the Bhikkhu Vinaya and how such goods are to be handled when offered to the Sangha. In particular, the discourse emphasizes the difference between offerings permitted and not permitted according to the Dharma and Vinaya.
The main content revolves around the principle that bhikkhus may receive only basic items necessary for practice: robes, cloth, bowls, washing water, robe-binding cords, and similar things. Luxurious items, or things that may lead to indulgence and craving, are prohibited.
The discourse also clearly regulates the transfer of goods. When an offering is given to the entire Sangha (Sangha-parinata), it does not belong privately to any individual bhikkhu, but must be divided fairly according to communal regulations. This expresses equality and harmonious living within the monastic body.
The Pariṇata Discourse also addresses special circumstances: when an item has been offered and then is taken back by the donor, or when there is a dispute about ownership. Such situations require just judgment according to Dhamma and Vinaya.
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