Lzh Mu Kd 7Robes
Pāli / Sanskrit:Cīvara
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Exposition of the Cīvara Scripture (The Scripture on Robes)
Context
The Cīvara scripture is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Mahāvagga (Great Chapter). This scripture reflects the Buddha’s regulations concerning monastic clothing, especially the robe, one of the essential possessions of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs.
The historical context of this scripture arose from specific situations in the early Sangha community. Bhikkhus at that time had problems with inappropriate dress, improper use of clothing, or disputes over ownership of robes. Understanding the practical needs of the renunciant community, the Buddha gave detailed regulations to maintain discipline, fairness, and a spirit of humility in the Sangha.
Main Content
The Cīvara scripture prescribes that each bhikkhu is permitted to possess at most three robes (cīvara tisañcaya): the double robe (saṅghāṭi), the upper robe (uttarāsaṅga), and the inner robe (antaravāsaka). These robes are not luxury items, but garments that protect the body and symbolize the declaration that one is a follower of the Buddha.
The scripture also sets forth principles for using robes: a bhikkhu must wear robes appropriately when entering villages or meeting laypeople, especially when entering a monastery or carrying out communal work. This is not merely a matter of ceremony, but also expresses respect for the community and for one’s own practice.
In addition, the scripture especially emphasizes regulations related to sharing robes when elder and younger bhikkhus live together in the community. These rules are intended to prevent disputes, ensure fairness, and maintain harmony. The scripture also mentions special situations, such as when a bhikkhu loses his robes or needs to repair them.
Practical Meaning
Although this scripture refers to details of discipline, we should not regard them merely as mechanical regulations.
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