Lzh Mi Bu Vb Pc 73Scaring
Pāli / Sanskrit:Bhiṁsāpana
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Commentary on the Bhiṁsāpana Sutta (The Discourse on Frightening Conduct)
Background
The Bhiṁsāpana Sutta is found within the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pātimokkha section of the Bhikṣu Saṅgha (Bhikṣuṇī Vibhaṅga). This constitutes the highest code of training rules for the monastic community, established by Śākyamuni Buddha to protect the purity of spirit and to cultivate ethical conduct within the scattered community of monastics.
The original term "Bhiṁsāpana" (भींसापन) derives from the word "bhaya," meaning fear, and "āpana," meaning to cause or to bring about. This sutta addresses actions or words that cause others to feel fear, anxiety, or a sense of being threatened. Within the context of the Vinaya, this is a matter of particular concern, as it relates directly to the harmony of the Saṅgha and to the humane relationships among its members.
According to the Theravāda tradition, the Vinaya is not merely a set of rigid prohibitions, but rather a body of guidance that assists monastics in cultivating noble character and in avoiding actions that cause harm to the community and to the welfare of others.
Principal Content
The Bhiṁsāpana Sutta stipulates that monastics must not perform actions or utter words intended to frighten, threaten, or cause anxiety in others, whether directly or indirectly. Such actions include harsh speech, threatening gestures, or any form of distortion that exerts a negative influence upon the mind of the person affected.
Conduct that induces fear not only transgresses the Pātimokṣa precepts but also undermines the three forms of Saṅgha harmony: harmony of body (failure to cooperate), harmony of speech (quarreling and speaking ill of others), and harmony of mind (disunity of intention). For this reason, the sutta emphasizes that monastics must cultivate loving-kindness (mettā) and mutual respect.
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