Lzh Dg Bi Vb Sk 21Lowered Eyes (2nd)

Exposition of the Dutiyaokkhittacakkhu Sutta (Lowering the Eyes for the Second Time)

Background

The Dutiyaokkhittacakkhu Sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka, especially the Vibhaṅga (detailed analysis of the rules) of the Pātimokkha, the fundamental rules that bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs must observe. This collection is recorded in the Theravāda tradition and reflects the direct guidance of the Blessed Buddha for the early monastic community.

The title “Lowering the Eyes for the Second Time” has the Pāli name Dutiyaokkhittacakkhu, where “okkhitta” (lowered, bent down) and “cakkhu” (eye) indicate an action related to visual discipline, one of the important aspects of training concentration in Theravāda Buddhism. This sutta is not an independent sermon but a specific regulation set within the context of rules of conduct for those gone forth.

Main Content

In the Vinaya Piṭaka, the rule concerning “lowered eyes” (okkhittacakkhu) is directly connected with the practice of concentration and discipline of the senses, one of the precious fruits of the Buddha Dharma. Bhikkhus are instructed that the eyes must be restrained and should not be allowed to wander freely or stare at unnecessary things.

“Lowering the eyes for the second time” implies applying this rule continuously and carefully. It is not a single action but a regular habit of practice. The Blessed Buddha taught that controlling sight is the first step in controlling mental activity. When the eyes are not managed, feelings (vedanā) arise from contact (phassa), leading to craving (taṇhā) and ultimately suffering.

This rule also relates to the visual faculty (cakkhundriya). A bhikkhu, when walking, should lower his eyes about six feet ahead and should not allow the mind to be captivated by external images. This is not to avoid seeing beauty, but to keep the mind clean and concentrated on the goal of practice.